Fig. 6

Validation of the unfolded protein response with IHC. A Representative images of HSP70 levels in the different groups. B Quantification of HSP70 immunoreactivity (HSP70-ir), which is significantly increased in the AD compared to the resilient and control cases (Kruskal–Wallis H = 10.81, p < 0.0045, AD versus control; p = 0.0145, resilient versus control; p > 0.999, resilient versus AD; p = 0.0146). C Representative images of XBP1s in the different groups. D Quantification of XBP1s immunoreactivity (XBP1s-ir), which is significantly increased in the AD compared to the resilient cases (Kruskal–Wallis H = 8.73, p < 0.0127, AD versus control; p > 0.999, resilient versus control; p = 0.0971; resilient versus AD; p = 0.0116). E and F Fluorescent IHC stains show that HSP70 (green) is present in GFAP-positive astrocytes (red), NeuN-positive neurons (red) and in Iba1-postive astrocytes (white). Double-labeled astrocytes are denoted with an arrow and neurons with an asterisk, nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue). G and H Fluorescent IHC images show XBP1s (green) is present in NeuN-positive neurons (red), GFAP-positive astrocytes (red) and Iba1-positive microglia (white). Double-labeled astrocytes are denoted with an arrow and neurons with an asterisk, nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bars in all panels are 50 µm, p < 0.05: *